Lally Pipe & Tube Downloadable Content and Resources

• AAR – Association of American Railroads
• AGA – American Gas Association
• AISI – American Iron & Steel Institute
• ANSI – American National Standards Institute (Formerly ASA)
• API – American Petroleum Institute
• ASA – American Standard Institute (Now known as ANSI)
• ASM – American Society for Metals
• ASME – American Society of Mechanical Engineers
• ASTM – American Society for Testing Materials
• AWWA – American Water Works Association
• BALES – Banded lifts of pipe.
• BAR MILL – Rolling mill where blooms are processed to form billets.
• BESS – Bessemer
• BEVEL – The angle formed between the prepared edge of the pipe and a plane perpendicular to
• the surface.  Standard line pipe bevel is 30 degrees.
• BILLET – Round, solid bar of steel which is pierced to form a seamless tube or pipe.
• BLK – Black.  Term used when O.D. surface of pipe is protected with varnish type oil.  Also applies to bare pipe to denote not galvanized.
• BLOOM – A semi finished hot rolled product produced on a blooming mill.
• B.O.F. – Basic Oxygen Furnace
• B.O.P. – Basic Oxygen Process
• BRIGGS STANDARD – A standard of thread dimensions.  Same as American Standard.
• B.T.U. – British Thermal Unit
• BLDS – Bundles.  Practice of packaging pipe.  Pieces per bundle vary with size of pipe.
• BURST TEST – A destructive hydraulic test to determine actual yield strength and ultimate strength of seamless and welded pipe.
• B.W. – Butt Weld Pipe
• B.W.G. – Birmingham Wire Gauge
• CASING – Pipe used as a structural retainer for the walls of a water, gas, or oil well.
• C.D. – Cold Drawn.  Drawing pipe or tubing through a die to reduce diameter and wall to obtain closer tolerances, a better finish, or higher physical properties.
• CHAMFER – A beveled surface to eliminate an otherwise sharp corner.  A finishing operation prior to threading.
• CHEMICAL PROPERTIES – Normally associated with a limited number of chemical elements.  Minimum or maximum limits are established in most ASTM and API specifications.
• CUT LENGTH – Pipe cut to a specific length as ordered.
• CON CAST – Continuous Cast
• CONDUIT – Pipe serving as a duct for electrical wiring.  Usually supplied in 10 foot length threaded and coupled.  Pipe used is normally galvanized, slightly lighter than standard weight with a smooth interior surface.
• CPLG – Coupling.  Threaded sleeve used to connect two length of pipe.
• C.W. – Continuous Weld.  Method of producing pipe normally from ½” to 4” nominal pipe.
• CU – Copper
• C.W.T. – Per hundred weight
• DIA – Diameter
• DIE STAMPING – Permanent marking placed on pipe as required in some specifications.
• DOUBLE EXTRA HEAVY – Also known as double extra strong.  Available from NPS ½” to NPD 8”. Wall thickness is twice as heavy as extra heavy with the exception of 8” nominal diameter.
• DRL – Double Random Length (35’ minimum average)
• DRIFTED – Attaining a certain minimum I.D. clearance by pushing a mandrel through pipe or tubing.
• DRIVE PIPE – Pipe used for driving into ground in water well applications.  Supplied with drive coupling.
• DUCTILITY – The ability of a material to deform plastically without fracturing.  Measured by elongation in a tensile test.
• ERW – Electric Resistance Weld Pipe.  Method of producing pipe normally in sizes from 2-3/8” O.D. through 22” O.D.
• E.U.E. – External Upset Ends.  Used in API tubing and drill pipe.
• EXPANDED PIPE – Pipe which has been enlarged circumferentially by mechanical or hydraulic pressure.
• EXTRA HEAVY – Also known as Extra Strong.  Pipe with walls heavier than standard weight.  Same as schedule 80 in sizes NPS 1/8” to NPS 8”.
• F.O.B – Free On Board
• FRT – Freight
• GALV – Galvanizing.  Coating pipe with a protective coating of zinc.
• GRADE A OR B – Designations used to indicate minimum yield and tensile strengths of steel in seamless and welded pipe.
• G.T. – Gross Ton (2,240 pounds)
• HYDROSTATIC TESTING – High pressure water test to determine pressures as required by specifications.
• I.D. – Inside Diameter.  The O.D. measurement less double the wall thickness is the I.D. measurement of a pipe or tube.
• INGOT – Usually first form of steel.  Suitable for reworking or remelting.
• I.P.S. – Iron Pipe Size.  Same as nominal size from 1/8” to 12”.
• JOINT – Term used to refer to one length of pipe.
• LGTH – Length
• L.T.C. – Long threads and coupling (OCTG)
• LARGE O.D. PIPE – Pipe NPS 14” and larger.
• L.W. – Lap Weld.  Old method of producing pipe 5” diameter and over.  Has not been produced for over 30 + years.
• MECHANICAL PROPERTIES – Tensile strength, elongation, hardness, and fatigue limit of steel.
• MID-WELDS – Two or more joints welded to form one long joint.
• MINIMUM WALL – Minimum thickness permissible calculated by subtracting minus tolerance from nominal wall.
• MN – Manganese
• N.B.S. – National Bureau of Standards
• NI – Nickel
• NIPPLE – Short length of pipe 12” and under normally threaded both ends.
• NOM – Nominal.  Name given to standard pipe designations 1/8” through 12”.  Does not indicate actual I.D. measurements.  Wall thickness is also expressed as nominal.
• N.T. – Net Ton (2,000 pounds)
• O.D. – Outside Diameter
• O.H. – Open Hearth
• PCS – Pieces
• P.E. – Plain Ends
• PERC – Plain End Roller Cut
• PESC – Plain End Square Cut, saw cut, or machine cut.
• PICKLING – Pipe immersed in acid bath to remove scale, oil, dirt, etc.
• PROTECTOR – Sleeve with threads to protect threads.
• PSI – Pounds per Square Inch
• RANGE – Allowable lengths in oil field casing and tubing.  Expressed as Range 1 (20’ R/L), Range 2 (30’ R/L), and Range 3 (40’ R/L).
• R/L – Random Length.  Varying lengths of pipe.
• R&D – Reamed and Drifted.  Commonly used in water wells to guarantee I.D. clearance.
• SAW – Submerged Arc Weld.  A method of producing very large O.D. pipe.
• SCALE – An oxide of iron which forms on the surface of steel.
• SCHEDULE NUMBERS – ANSI numbers assigned to pipe to designate wall thickness.
• SKELP – Long narrow strips of plate of correct thickness and width to produce CW or ERW pipe.
• SMLS – Seamless.  Pipe without a seam or weld in the circumference.
• SPEC – Specification
• SRL – Single Random Lengths.  Usually 16’ to 22’.  Minimum average of 17’-6”.
• S.T.C. – Short Thread & Coupled (OCTG)
• STD – Standard.  Same as Schedule 40, NPS 1/8” to NPS 10”.
• STENCIL – Identification painted on pipe.  Specification, size, wall, grade, test pressure, method of manufacture, and mill identification are usually indicated.
• STRAND(S) – Product of Continuous Cast Process
• STRETCH REDUCE – A technique employed in the manufacture or CW pipe in which one or several master sizes of pipe are produced, then stretched reduced through a number of roll to achieve a variety of pipe diameters.  Also used in certain instances in seamless and ERW manufacturing.
• TBE – Thread Both Ends
• T & C – Threaded and Coupled
• TOE – Threaded One End
• TENSILE STRENGTH – Ultimate bursting strength to resist being pulled apart.  Expressed in P.S.I.
• TUBE ROUND – Billet
• VICTAULIC JOINT – Pipe is grooved near ends to accommodate a Victaulic coupling.
• YIELD STRENGTH – The tensile stress required to produce a total elongation of 0.5 percent of the gauge length as determined by an extensometer.  Expressed in P.S.I.
• XHY – Extra Heavy (Extra Strong)
• XXHY – Double Extra Heavy (Double Extra Strong)

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